// This file is part of the SV-Benchmarks collection of verification tasks:
// https://gitlab.com/sosy-lab/benchmarking/sv-benchmarks
//
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 DynamiTe team <https://github.com/letonchanh/dynamite>
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

/*
  A nonlinear termination benchmark program from the OOPSLA'20 paper 
  "DynamiTe: Dynamic termination and non-termination proofs"
  by Ton Chanh Le, Timos Antonopoulos, Parisa Fathololumi, Eric Koskinen, ThanhVu Nguyen.
  Adapted from the original nonlinear benchmark nla-digbench. 
*/

/* 
Geometric Series
computes x = sum(z^k)[k=0..k-1], y = z^(k-1)
*/
extern int __VERIFIER_nondet_int(void);

int main() {
    int z, a, k;
    int x, y, c;
    z = __VERIFIER_nondet_int();
    a = __VERIFIER_nondet_int();
    k = __VERIFIER_nondet_int();

    x = a;
    y = 1;
    c = 1;

    while (1) {
        // __VERIFIER_assert(z*x - x + a - a*z*y == 0);

        if (!(z*x - x + a - a*z*y == 0))
            break;

        c = c + 1;
        x = x * z + a;
        y = y * z;
    }
    // __VERIFIER_assert(z*x - x + a - a*z*y == 0);
    return x;
}